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Software Engineering RAD Model | CrackEase

RAD Model in SDLC

RAD Model

RAD model illustration
  • Rapid Application Development (RAD) was popularised in the 1980s (IBM and other vendors promoted RAD techniques).
  • RAD emphasises quick development using prototyping and iterative delivery.
  • The model is built on prototyping and an iterative approach to shorten delivery time.
  • Projects are broken into modules; modules are developed in parallel and later integrated into the final system.
  • RAD works best when a project can be modularised and when rapid delivery and customer feedback are high priorities.
  • Each module typically follows a short lifecycle similar to waterfall but executed quickly.
  • Prototypes are shown to customers early; feedback drives refinement and the final SRS/design.

Process of RAD Model

1. Requirement Analysis

Gather requirements using rapid techniques (workshops, brainstorming, user scenarios). Break the project into modules and plan data, interfaces and responsibilities for each module.

2. Customer Evaluation

Deliver prototypes to customers for early feedback. Use their input to refine requirements and prioritise features before full-scale construction.

3. Construction

Refine prototypes, implement modules, perform integration and iterative testing. This phase converts prototypes into working components and prepares them for integration.

4. Cutover

Final integration, system testing, user training and deployment. Each module is evaluated and integrated to produce the final product.

Advantages of RAD Model

  • Accelerates delivery — projects complete faster due to parallel development and prototyping.
  • Progress can be reviewed at multiple stages through prototypes.
  • Encourages reuse of components and visual development tools.
  • Often reduces overall cost by focusing on core features and reusing components.
  • High customer involvement reduces the risk of delivering the wrong product.
  • Flexible and adaptive to changing requirements during development.

Disadvantages of RAD Model

  • Requires active customer involvement throughout the project.
  • Not suitable when requirements are unclear or cannot be modularised.
  • Can become costly if prototypes are repeatedly refined without scope control.
  • Success depends on strong team coordination and experienced facilitators.
  • May be less suitable for projects with tight budgets or where formal documentation is required.
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